九、Redis集合类型参考记录
集合（Set）中每个元素都是不同的，且没有顺序。一个集合类型（Set）键可以存储至多232-1个字符串。
集合类型的常用操作是向集合中加入或删除元素、判断某个元素是否存在等，由于集合类型在Redis内部是使用值为空的哈希表实现的，因此这些操作的时间复杂度都是O(1)。最为方便的是集合类型之间可以进行并集、交集、差集运算。
集合类型与列表类型的对比
集合类型基本命令
sadd 向集合中添加一个或多个元素
语法：sadd key member1 [member2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd letters a</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(103, 110, 149)"># 因为a已经存在，所以不会添加</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd letters a b c</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span></span>
集合中不能有相同的元素，加入的元素若有重复的，就会忽略这个重复的元素。该命令返回成功加入的元素数量。
smembers 获取集合中所有元素
语法：smembers key
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> smembers letters</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"c"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"b"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"a"</span></span>
srem 从集合中删除一个或多个元素
语法：srem key member1 [member2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(103, 110, 149)"># 由于元素d不在集合中，所以只删除一个存在的元素</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> srem letters c d</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span>
sismember 判断元素是否在集合中
语法：sismember key member
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sismember letters e</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">0</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sismember letters a</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span>
集合间的运算
sdiff 对多个集合执行差集运算
语法：sdiff key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd setA <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd setB <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">4</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sdiff setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"1"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sdiff setB setA</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"4"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd setC <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sdiff setA setB setC</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"1"</span></span>
setA setB setC差集计算：先算setA - setB，再计算与setC的差集
sinter 对多个集合执行交集运算
语法：sinter key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sinter setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sinter setA setB setC</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span>
sunion 对多个集合执行并集运算
语法：sunion key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sunion setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"1"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">4</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"4"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sunion setA setB setC</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"1"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">4</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"4"</span></span>
sdiffsore 返回给定所有集合的差集并存储在destination中
语法：sdiffsore destination key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore new_set setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span>
将给定集合之间的差集存储在指定的集合中。如果指定的集合 key 已存在，则会被覆盖。
sinterstore 返回所有集合的交集并存储在destination中
语法：sinterstore destination key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sinterstore new_set1 setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> smembers new_set1</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span>
sunionstore 所有给定集合的并集存储在destinationkh
语法：sunionstore destination key1 [key2 ...]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sunionstore setUnionJi setA setB</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">4</span></span>
其他命令
scard 获取集合中成员数量
语法：scard key
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> scard setA</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span>
smove 将member元从source集合移到destination集合
语法：smove source destination member
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd name lisi wangwu</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sadd age <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">17</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">18</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> smove age name <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">17</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> smembers name</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"lisi"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"17"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"wangwu"</span></span>
spop 移除并返回集合中的一个随机元素
语法：spop key [count]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> spop name</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"lisi"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> spop name</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"wangwu"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(103, 110, 149)"># 移除3个元素</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> spop new_set1 <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">3</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span>
srandmember 返回集合中一个或多个随机数
语法：srandmember key [count]
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> srandmember setC</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"2"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> srandmember setC</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"3"</span></span>
若count为整数，且小于集合基数，那么返回一个包含count个元素的数组，数组中的元素各不相同，若count大于等于集合基数，那么返回整个集合；
若count为负数，那么返回一个数组，数组中的元素可能会重复出现多次，数组长度为count的绝对值
sscan 迭代集合中的元素
语法：sscan key cursor [MATCH paatrn] [COUNT count]
cursor 游标
pattern 匹配模式
count 指定从数据集里返回多少元素，默认值为 10
<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> del name</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">(integer) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">127</span>.0.0.1:6379> sscan name <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">0</span> match li*</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"0"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">1</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"lisi"</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 83, 112)">2</span>) <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(195, 232, 141)">"lisan"</span></span>
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小白
2020年09月01日
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