作者：温新

时间：2021-08-04

hi，我是温新，一-名PHPer。

本系列采用Laravel8.x演示。

当授权多了，将所有逻辑写AuthServiceProvider服务提供者显示不合适也不优雅也不好维护。Laravel提供了Policy类，可以像控制器一样使用，

本篇案例在 Laravel进阶系列笔记--(29)Laravel 用户授权之Gate快速使用 基础上进行修改。

第一步：新建Post模型及迁移文件

1）创建模型及对应的迁移文件

php artisan make:model Post -m

2）迁移文件

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 对应的post迁移文件</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Schema</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">create</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'posts'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Blueprint</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span>) {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">unsignedInteger</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'id'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">string</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'title'</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'180'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">text</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'content'</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">unsignedInteger</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'user_id'</span>)<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">index</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$table</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">timestamps</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">});</span>

3）生成表

php artisan migrate

4）自行添加文章数据

第二步：生成文章策略

php artisan make:policy PostPolicy

第三步：编写策略文件

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">//PostPolicy.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">App\Models\Post</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">App\Models\User</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">update</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">User</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$user</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Post</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$post</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$user</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">id</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">===</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$post</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">user_id</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

第四步：注册策略

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">//  App/Providers/AuthServiceProvider.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">protected</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$policies</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> [</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'App\Models\Post'</span>   <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=></span>  <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'App\Policies\PostPolicy'</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">];</span>

第五步：粗略使用授权

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// web.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// 只有文章的发布者才能修改文件</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Route</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">get</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'art'</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">\Illuminate\Support\Facades\Request</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$request</span>) {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$id</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(17, 102, 68)">2</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$post</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">\App\Models\Post</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">find</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$id</span>);</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">if</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Auth</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">user</span>()<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">can</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'update'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$post</span>)) {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'succ'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    } <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">else</span> {</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'无权修改该文章'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    }</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">});</span>

第六步：静态页面的使用

1）新建路由

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// web.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Route</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">get</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'arts'</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'TestController@index'</span>);</span>

2）新建控制器方法

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// TestController.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">use</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">App\Models\Post</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">function</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 255)">index</span>()</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">{</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$arts</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">Post</span>::<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">all</span>();</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">return</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">view</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'arts'</span>, <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(51, 0, 170)">compact</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'arts'</span>));</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">}</span>

3）新建视图并进行权限验证

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 85, 0)">// resources/views/arts.blade.php</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@extends</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'layouts.app'</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@section</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'content'</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"container"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"row justify-content-center"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"col-md-8"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"card"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"card-header"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span>{{ <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">__</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'Dashboard'</span>) }}<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">class</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">"card-body"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@foreach</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$arts</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(119, 0, 136)">as</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$art</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">a</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">href</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">""</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span>{{ <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$art</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">title</span> }}<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">a</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@can</span>(<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(170, 17, 17)">'update'</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$art</span>)</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">span</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">编辑</span> {{ <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 85, 170)">$art</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">-></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">id</span> }}<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">span</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">br</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@endcan</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@endforeach</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">                <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">            <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">        <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px">    <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">div</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 26, 26)">></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">@endsection</span></span>

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进阶笔迹结束语

时间：2021-09-02 更新

关于进阶系列笔迹的总结就不单独写一篇文章了。今天（2021-09-02）以更新的形式记录。

进阶系列的笔迹虽然结束了，但这不是结束，而是一个新开始。要更好的掌握这些知识，就要不断的把这些知识融入到实际项目中。进阶系列的笔迹仅仅只是一个抛砖引玉的作用。

明天我将开启我的西藏之旅。

我是温新，学习的路上，一起进步！

我是温新

每天进步一点点，就一点点