Rocky Linux 9.1 安装 Mysql 8.0

hi，我是温新，一名 PHPer

本篇文章介绍了两种方式安装 MySQL，一种是从存储仓库中安装，另一种是安装最新版的 MySQL，无论哪一种方式，安装都挺快的。

第一步：更新系统中所有的软件包

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 更新软件包</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">dnf</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">upgrade</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">refresh</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">y</span></span>

两种方式安装 MySQL

方式一：从 Appstream 中安装

第二步：安装 MySQL

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 仓库源中安装 mysql</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">dnf</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">y</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">install</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">server</span></span>

第二步：查看 MySQL 版本

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">version</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span>  <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Ver</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">8.0</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">30</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">for</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Linux</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">on</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">x86_64</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Source</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">distribution</span>)</span>

第三步：启动 mysql

<span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">systemctl start mysqld</span><br></br>

第四步：登录 MySQL

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 不需要直接，直接回车</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px">mysql <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span>uroot <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span>p</span>

方式二：社区中安装最新版

第二步：导入 Mysql 8.0 社区版

<span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">sudo rpm -ivh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm</span><br></br>

第三步：禁用 Appstram 中的 Mysql

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 禁用仓库中的 Mysql，若不禁用会导致冲突</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">dnf</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">install</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">disablerepo</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">appstream</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">community</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">server</span></span>

第四步：查看 MySQL 版本

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">version</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span>  <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Ver</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">8.0</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">32</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">for</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Linux</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">on</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">x86_64</span> (<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">MySQL</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Community</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">Server</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">GPL</span>)</span>

第五步：启用 MySQL

1）启用 MySQL

<span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">sudo systemctl enable mysqld --now</span><br></br>

2）查看 MySQL 状态

<span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">systemctl status mysqld</span><br></br>

第六步：登录 MySQL

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 不需要直接，直接回车</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">uroot</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">p</span></span>

公共操作步骤

登录 MySQL 后修改密码并添加远程用户。

第一步：修改密码

<span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by "123456";</span><br></br>

第二步：添加远程用户

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 添加远程登陆用户</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">create</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">user</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">root@</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'%'</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">identified</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">by</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'123456'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 为远程用户分配权限</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">grant</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">all</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">privileges</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">on</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">*</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">*</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">to</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">root@</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(152, 195, 121) !important">'%'</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">flush</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">privileges</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 查看当前用户，host为 % 的用户表示远程登陆用户</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">select</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">user</span>,<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">host</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">from</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(232, 191, 106) !important">mysql</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">user</span>;</span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">+------------------+-----------+</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">user</span>             <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">host</span>      <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">+------------------+-----------+</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">root</span>             <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">%</span>         <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">|</span></span>

第三步：开放 3306 端口

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 查看是否开放3306端口</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewall</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">cmd</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">list</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">ports</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 开启防火墙</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">start</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewalld</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">service</span> </span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 开放3306端口</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewall</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">cmd</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">zone</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(198, 120, 221) !important">public</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">add</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">port</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(209, 154, 102) !important">3306</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">/</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">tcp</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">permanent</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 刷新</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewall</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">-</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">cmd</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(86, 182, 194) !important">--</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">reload</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box"></span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 关闭防火墙</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">stop</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewalld</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">service</span> </span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 禁止防火墙开机自启</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">disable</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">firewalld</span>.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">service</span> </span>

MySQL 相关操作

<span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 启动 mysql</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">start</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">mysqld</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 重启 mysql</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">restart</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">mysqld</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 停止 mysql</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">restart</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">mysqld</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 禁止开机自启</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">disable</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">mysqld</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(98, 151, 85) !important"># 设置开机自启</span></span><br></br><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(171, 178, 191);padding-right: 0.1px"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">sudo</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">systemctl</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">enable</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(18, 170, 228) !important">mysqld</span></span>